| Defines the fundamental concepts of e-commerce and explains its historical development, types, and technological infrastructure. |
| Explains the relationship between e-commerce and the digital economy, and analyzes its interaction with different sectors and markets. |
| Analyzes various e-commerce business models and applies theoretical knowledge to case studies involving real or simulated digital businesses. |
| Evaluates current issues in e-commerce, including cybersecurity, taxation, ethics, and digital dependency, and assesses their implications for sustainable digital business practices. |
| Assesses current issues in e-commerce—such as cybersecurity, taxation, ethics, and digital dependency—in the context of sustainable and responsible digital business practices. |